The Importance of Technology-Free Visualization Activities
                       Tevian Dray* & Corinne A. Manogue
                           Oregon State University

 

Mathematics may be the universal language of science, but at the very least other scientists speak a different dialect.  As part of our work [1] on
bridging the gap between mathematics and physics, we have realized that the differences can be summed up in a single sentence:
            Mathematicians teach algebra; physicists do geometry.
A key ingredient in bridging the gap is therefore an increased emphasis on geometric reasoning.  We discuss here several activities we use in the
classroom to develop this skill, each of which is designed to address known student misconceptions.  However, none of these activities involve technology.
As Ken and Pat Heller have noted [2], it is essential to force students to do the things they find difficult.  In each of these examples, we believe forcing
the students to work through the geometry themselves is essential to mastering the concepts.
If time permits, we plan to discuss the following activities, which we have developed for multivariable calculus courses at OSU:
  I. Which Way is North?  (An introduction to vector bases.)
 II. The Hill.  (The geometry of the gradient.)
III. The Valley.  (What do conservative vector fields look like?)
 VI. Linear Transformations.  (The geometry of eigenvectors.)
Each of these activities provides a geometric context for known algebraic manipulations; each produces an "Aha!" reaction from many students.
We also hope to briefly discuss other techniques, such as representations of functions and diagramming equations.
This work forms part of the Vector Calculus Bridge Project [1], and has been partially supported by NSF grants DUE-9653250, DUE-0088901, and DUE-021032.
1. The Vector Calculus Bridge Project,
   http://www.math.oregonstate.edu/bridge.
2. Kenneth Heller and Patricia Heller,    Cooperative Group Problem Solving: A User's Manual,    University of Minnesota draft; see also their website at:  http://groups.physics.umn.edu/physed/Research/CGPS/CGPSintro.htm